Pons
Anatomy · Topic 59
Source: NMC CBME Curriculum 2024 · Volume I · Anatomy · Topic 59 · combined PDF page 141
Practice questions
- Which neural loop is identified in the literature as supporting sensory prediction, with the pons serving as a relay and processing site for cortical sensory information headed to the cerebellum?
- A review of sensory prediction describes the pons as relaying and processing information passed from cortex toward which structure?
- In the review of sensory prediction abnormalities in schizophrenia, which statement best describes the relative state of research on pontine connectivity?
- Impaired sensory prediction in schizophrenia is discussed in relation to abnormalities in connections among nodes of which circuit?
- A patient with severe hypertension has progressive gait and standing impairment. MRI shows extensive T2/FLAIR signal abnormality confined to the pons without enhancement, and the abnormality later resolves. Which reported clinical-radiological syndrome best fits this pattern?
- In the reported case of PRES confined to the pons, which clinical feature was particularly notable at presentation?
- In the reported patient with isolated pontine PRES, what happened to the pontine MRI abnormality after blood pressure was treated?
- Which statement best contrasts the usual imaging distribution of PRES with the rare isolated pontine pattern?
- Recurrent posterior fossa epidermoid cysts progressively extend into pontine tissue and eventually divide it. Which term was proposed for this radiological entity in the cited case report?
- Which sequence of lesion development was radiographically documented in the reported epidermoid-related split-pons cases?
- Which combination of complaints was reported over time in adults with recurrent epidermoid cysts that progressively invaded the pons?
- In the review of recurrent epidermoid cysts that split the pons, which operative strategy did the authors propose based on the lesions’ growth pattern?
- A patient has a right lower pontine cavernoma with right abducent and peripheral facial palsies plus left facial and body sensory impairment. Which lesion laterality best matches the reported case?
- In the cited lower pontine cavernoma case, the patient had sensory disturbance on the side opposite the right-sided lesion. Which tract was proposed to explain the segmental body sensory disturbance?
- According to the authors’ interpretation of the lower pontine cavernoma case, which spinothalamic fibres lie most laterally?
- The report of a right dorsal lower pontine cavernoma associated left facial sensory impairment with involvement of which named tract?
- A patient with a right dorsal lower pontine lesion has right abducent palsy and right peripheral facial palsy. These findings most closely reproduce the cranial-nerve findings reported with which lesion?
- Where was the haemorrhagic lesion located in the reported patient with a cavernoma, right abducent and facial palsies, and left-sided sensory disturbance?
- In the lower pontine cavernoma report, what was distinctive about the time course of cranial nerve palsy and sensory disturbance?
- A reported patient with bilateral lower pons–medial medullary infarction developed progressive quadriparesis. Which associated finding was documented?
- In the reported bilateral lower pons–medial medullary infarction, how was the mild sensory deficit described?
- Which reflex-related examination finding was reported in the patient with bilateral lower pons–medial medullary infarction?
- In the reported bilateral lower pons–medial medullary infarction, which statement about progression and respiratory status is accurate?
- A review of pontine cardiorespiratory physiology describes pontine nuclei as modulating which set of functions?
- In decerebrate-cat observations reviewed in the literature, what was the effect of bilateral vagotomy on respiratory modulation of dorsolateral pontine activity?
- After bilateral vagotomy in the reviewed experiments, what happened to arterial pulse-pressure modulation of dorsolateral pontine activity across the group?
- Which statement most accurately reflects the proposed physiological significance of pontine cardiorespiratory convergence in the review?