Enzyme
Biochemistry · Topic 2
Source: NMC CBME Curriculum 2024 · Volume I · Biochemistry · Topic 2 · combined PDF page 162
Practice questions
- Which limitation of enzymes is specifically identified as a barrier to their extensive commercial adoption and a rationale for immobilization?
- Which is an enzyme incorporation strategy discussed for supramolecular hydrogels?
- A researcher wants to immobilize an enzyme using a method explicitly listed in a review of supramolecular hydrogels. Which option fits?
- Which set consists entirely of interactions identified as contributing to supramolecular hydrogel formation?
- An industrial pectinase process incompletely degrades a highly methyl-esterified pectin substrate. Which issue most closely matches a constraint identified in a recent review?
- A pectinase loses performance during operation at elevated temperature and extreme pH. Which limitation does this scenario illustrate?
- Which fold is described as canonical for pectinases in the review?
- A naturally occurring pectinase performs both de-esterification and depolymerization. How is this enzyme characterized in the review?
- In a meta-analysis of laying hens, dietary phosphorus reduction was associated with lower eggshell thickness and breaking strength. Which enzyme was evaluated as a dietary supplement to mitigate these effects?
- In the laying-hen meta-analysis, which eggshell parameters were significantly impaired on average by dietary phosphorus reduction?
- Which pair of eggshell measures was not markedly affected by phosphorus reduction in the analyzed laying-hen studies?
- A phosphorus-deficient laying-hen diet is supplemented with phytase. Which outcome best matches the meta-analysis?
- According to the meta-analysis, how did the efficacy of phytase for eggshell structural quality vary with enzyme origin and the evaluated dosage range?
- How many scientific articles published between 2021 and 2025 were included in the described phytase meta-analysis?
- A patient has hypertension with high cardiovascular risk and chronic coronary artery disease. Which fixed combination is specifically discussed in a consensus review as an effective option in this clinical context?
- Besides lowering blood pressure, what additional effect on heart rate is reported for ACE inhibitor plus beta-blocker combination therapy in the consensus review?
- Which group of conditions is specifically included among the high-risk settings in which the ACE inhibitor–beta-blocker combination is discussed?
- A meta-analysis of ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism and vasculitis reports a pooled odds ratio of 1.42 for the D allele compared with the I allele. Which interpretation best fits the reported result?
- In the ACE I/D polymorphism meta-analysis, in which population subgroup were stronger associations with vasculitis susceptibility observed?
- Which pair of disorders had a significant association with the ACE D allele in subgroup analysis of the vasculitis meta-analysis?
- How did the meta-analysis characterize the ACE D-allele association with Henoch–Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN)?
- Which enzyme-related axis is reviewed as a potential therapeutic target for central nervous system diseases?
- According to the ACE2/angiotensin-(1–7) review, which coordinated CNS structures or components may be optimized by activation of this axis?
- A review describes ACE2/angiotensin-(1–7) as a potential target for CNS disease, while emphasizing future drug-development challenges. Which issue is specifically highlighted?
- Which statement best reflects the review’s account of steroidogenic enzyme dysregulation in PCOS?
- A patient with PCOS has a phenotype that differs from that of another patient with the same diagnosis. Which statement about steroidogenic enzyme alterations best fits the review?
- Which treatment category is described as investigational rather than established in the PCOS enzyme review?
- A research team uses a generative AI model to optimize an existing enzyme and then tests the candidate experimentally. Which description best matches the field summarized in the review?
- Which approach is emphasized as useful for advancing generative AI enzyme design?