Pneumonia
General Medicine · Topic 3
Source: NMC CBME Curriculum 2024 · Volume II · General Medicine · Topic 3 · combined PDF page 286
Practice questions
- An experienced clinician is assessing an adult with suspected community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Which statement best reflects the 2025 ATS guidance on lung ultrasound?
- A previously healthy adult with suspected CAP has a positive respiratory viral test. Imaging does not show findings consistent with pneumonia, and the patient has no comorbidities and is not being admitted. Which approach is most consistent with the 2025 ATS guidance?
- A patient with a positive respiratory viral test has imaging findings consistent with pneumonia. According to the 2025 ATS guidance, which management statement is most appropriate?
- An adult with a positive respiratory viral test and suspected CAP has a significant comorbidity. Which statement best reflects the 2025 ATS guidance?
- A patient with a positive respiratory viral test and CAP is admitted to hospital. Which approach is supported by the 2025 ATS guidance?
- An outpatient with nonsevere CAP has reached clinical stability. What antibiotic-duration strategy is recommended in the 2025 ATS update?
- A hospitalized adult with nonsevere CAP has reached clinical stability. Which duration best matches the 2025 ATS recommendation?
- A patient is admitted with severe CAP. What is the recommended minimum antibiotic duration in the 2025 ATS update?
- A clinician is considering systemic corticosteroids for a patient with severe CAP. Which statement best reflects the 2025 ATS guidance?
- A patient has nonsevere CAP, and systemic corticosteroids are being considered as routine adjunctive treatment. What is the guideline-consistent response?
- An adult develops pneumonia in the hospital. Which broad approach is emphasized in the updated S3 guidance on nosocomial pneumonia?
- Which set of tests is specifically included among the extended diagnostic strategies in the updated adult nosocomial-pneumonia guideline summary?
- Which change in treatment strategy is described in the updated adult nosocomial-pneumonia guidance?
- When updating the suspected pathogen spectrum for adult nosocomial pneumonia, which groups should be considered in addition to bacterial pathogens according to the updated guideline summary?
- Approximately what proportion of patients with acute stroke develop stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP), according to the European Stroke Organisation guideline?
- A stroke patient develops suspected pneumonia, but clinical findings are not definitive. Which diagnostic approach is most consistent with the ESO guideline?
- Clinical prediction scores and biomarkers are being considered for routine SAP assessment. Which interpretation best matches the ESO guideline?
- Which set of measures is consistent with the ESO guideline's prevention strategies for stroke-associated pneumonia?
- A patient with acute stroke has not developed pneumonia. Should preventive antibiotics be prescribed to reduce SAP incidence?
- A stroke patient is diagnosed with pneumonia. Which antibiotic approach is recommended by the ESO guideline?
- In a mechanically ventilated adult, semi-recumbent positioning is compared with supine positioning. Which outcome is best supported by the Cochrane review?
- For a mechanically ventilated adult, what is the effect of elevating the head of the bed to 30–45 degrees rather than less than 30 degrees, according to the Cochrane review?
- A ventilated patient is already positioned at 30 degrees. Based on the evidence comparing 40–45 degrees with 30 degrees, which statement is most accurate?
- Compared with fixed-angle semi-recumbent positioning, what does the Cochrane review suggest about semi-recumbent lateral or lateral-rotation positioning?
- A child aged 2–59 months has fast-breathing pneumonia without danger signs. Which treatment conclusion is supported by the systematic review?
- A child aged 2–59 months has chest-indrawing pneumonia without danger signs. Which conclusion best reflects the systematic review comparing outpatient oral amoxicillin with inpatient injectable antibiotics?