Breast
General Surgery · Topic 25
Source: NMC CBME Curriculum 2024 · Volume III · General Surgery · Topic 25 · combined PDF page 409
Practice questions
- A healthy 45-year-old woman at average risk asks whether she should begin breast cancer screening. Which approach best reflects the 2026 ACP guidance?
- For an asymptomatic, average-risk 62-year-old woman, which breast cancer screening schedule is recommended by the supplied ACP guidance?
- An asymptomatic, average-risk 78-year-old woman asks whether she should continue screening mammography. What is the most appropriate guidance-based response?
- An asymptomatic, average-risk woman has BI-RADS category D breast density and asks about supplemental screening. Which option may be considered under the supplied ACP guidance?
- For an asymptomatic, average-risk woman with BI-RADS C breast density, which supplemental screening approach does the supplied ACP guidance advise against?
- A lactating woman presents with a new palpable breast lump. Which general principle should guide the decision to investigate it?
- A clinician is selecting imaging for a lactating patient. Which statement best reflects the supplied ACR guidance?
- Why may clinical and imaging assessment of the breast be more challenging during lactation?
- A lactating patient needs a contrast-enhanced breast MRI using gadolinium. According to the supplied ACR guidance, what advice about breastfeeding is appropriate?
- A lactating patient requires an image-guided core biopsy of a suspicious breast finding. Which counseling statement is most consistent with the supplied guidance?
- A lactating patient is concerned that a required nuclear medicine procedure will force her to stop breastfeeding. Which statement best reflects the supplied ACR guidance?
- A patient with biopsy-proven node-positive breast cancer receives neoadjuvant chemotherapy and is now clinically node-negative. Which axillary approach is preferred in the supplied 2026 AGO update?
- After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, a patient initially presenting with node-positive breast cancer has clinically node-negative findings. Which statement about targeted axillary dissection is correct according to the supplied AGO update?
- Following neoadjuvant chemotherapy, which finding is described in the supplied AGO update as an indication for axillary lymph node dissection?
- For a patient converting from cN-positive to ycN0 after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, which additional axillary staging techniques are described as possible alternatives to targeted axillary dissection in the supplied AGO update?
- An older adult with early HER2-positive breast cancer is being considered for perioperative systemic therapy. Which approach remains the standard according to the supplied Japanese guideline digest?
- An older patient with early HER2-positive breast cancer has comorbidities that make chemotherapy difficult to tolerate. Which statement best reflects the supplied guideline digest?
- Why are many perioperative systemic therapy recommendations for older adults with early breast cancer conditional in the supplied guideline digest?
- A multidisciplinary team is planning perioperative treatment for an older patient with early breast cancer. Which decision framework best matches the supplied guideline digest?
- A patient with recurrent metastatic breast cancer is being considered for systemic treatment. Which tumor biology factors are explicitly used to stratify treatment strategies in the supplied 2026 NCCN guideline selection?
- Two patients with metastatic breast cancer have the same hormone-receptor and HER2 profile but different prior treatment histories and disease-free intervals. Which statement best reflects the supplied NCCN guideline selection?
- A patient has had a prolonged response to therapy for metastatic breast cancer. Which care plan best reflects the supplied expert recommendations for long responders?
- In the supplied meta-analysis of early breast cancer, which definition was used for HER2-low disease?
- A journal club reviews a meta-analysis comparing HER2-low and HER2-zero early breast cancers. Which direction of association with pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant therapy was reported?
- Which statement most accurately summarizes the survival findings for HER2-low versus HER2-zero early breast cancer in the supplied meta-analysis?