Developmental anomalies of face, mouth and jaws
General Surgery · Topic 19
Source: NMC CBME Curriculum 2024 · Volume III · General Surgery · Topic 19 · combined PDF page 407
Practice questions
- In the Port Harcourt school study, 181 of 1,802 examined children had at least one developmental anomaly of the teeth, tongue or jaws. Which participant-level prevalence did the investigators report?
- The study recorded 199 anomalies among 1,802 children, although only 181 children had an anomaly. What best explains why the number of findings exceeds the number of affected children?
- Which design best describes the Port Harcourt investigation of developmental oral anomalies among schoolchildren?
- Which anomaly was reported as the most common in the Port Harcourt school sample?
- Which anomaly was reported as the second most common in the study, after hypoplasia?
- Which pair was reported to rank lowest among the developmental anomalies recorded in the Port Harcourt sample?
- For hypoplasia, which age-group comparison was reported in the Port Harcourt study?
- The difference in hypoplasia frequency between children aged 6–12 years and those aged 13 years or older had a reported p-value of 0.002. How did the study characterize this difference?
- Which additional anomalies, besides hypoplasia, were reported to differ significantly across the study's age groups?
- Which p-value was reported for the age-group difference in exostoses?
- In which age group did the study report fluorosis as more frequent, with a reported value of 37%?
- The study reported macrodontia at 26% as more frequent among which participants?
- Which statement most accurately reflects the study's findings about gender and socioeconomic status?
- Which conclusion is justified by the cross-sectional age comparison in the study?
- Which sampling and setting description matches the Port Harcourt study?
- Which combination of methods was used to collect participant information and identify oral anomalies?
- What was the total number of children examined in the Port Harcourt study?
- Which statement correctly describes the study's sex distribution?
- What was the reported mean age of participants in the Port Harcourt study?
- A report states that 181 of 1,802 children had at least one anomaly and that 199 anomalies were recorded. Which interpretation correctly distinguishes these results?
- A clinician cites the study to claim that developmental anomalies occur in exactly 10% of all children nationally. What is the principal limitation of this conclusion?
- Which statement about gender and socioeconomic status is the most scientifically cautious interpretation of the study?