Disorders of salivary glands
General Surgery · Topic 21
Source: NMC CBME Curriculum 2024 · Volume III · General Surgery · Topic 21 · combined PDF page 408
Practice questions
- Quantitative MRI is performed in a patient with hyposalivation. Which T2 finding is consistent with the values reported in a review of salivary-gland MRI?
- A salivary lesion has an apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) above 1.4 × 10−3 mm2/s. Which interpretation is most consistent with the reviewed MRI evidence?
- Which resting perfusion pattern is reported for parotid glands in Sjögren syndrome using arterial spin labelling?
- Which pair correctly gives the reported mean T2 relaxation times for hyposalivation and healthy controls, respectively?
- Which MRI approach is specifically described in the reviewed literature as providing non-invasive salivary-gland perfusion assessment?
- A patient develops dry mouth after radioactive iodine treatment for differentiated thyroid cancer. Which mechanism best explains why salivary glands may be affected?
- Which pooled xerostomia prevalence did a meta-analysis report beyond one year after radioiodine therapy?
- Which statement best reflects the meta-analysis findings on administered I131 activity and xerostomia?
- Which combination of complications is reported after radioiodine therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer?
- Which statement best describes the relationship between different causes of salivary hypofunction and ion transport?
- A review of salivary secretion identifies which process as central to fluid production by glandular epithelial cells?
- Which group of therapeutic approaches is discussed as targeting salivary secretion mechanisms in the ion-channel review?
- Which gene-therapy approach is described in the ion-channel review as showing sustained benefit for radiation-induced xerostomia?
- A patient with chronic recurrent sialadenitis has a suspected ductal contribution to symptoms. Which approach is specifically reviewed as a minimally invasive intraductal option?
- What proportion of patients had complete or partial symptom improvement after sialoendoscopy with intraductal irrigation in the reviewed evidence?
- Which antibiotic-stewardship implication is supported by the review of sialoendoscopy with irrigation?
- Which is the most accurate interpretation of the safety evidence for sialoendoscopy with intraductal irrigation in chronic salivary disease?
- Which description best defines ferroptosis as used in salivary-gland injury research?
- In the ferroptosis review, which mechanism links interferon-γ to salivary epithelial-cell injury in Sjögren disease?
- Which sequence is most consistent with the ferroptosis review's account of radiation-related salivary acinar injury?
- A research group proposes measuring ferroptosis-related molecules in saliva to monitor salivary-gland disease. Which interpretation best matches the review?
- Which effect is attributed to AMPK in the review of salivary-gland homeostasis and recovery?
- Which conclusion about AMPK activation is best supported by the supplied review?
- In the rat study of transdermal scopolamine, how did salivary-volume suppression vary with formulation concentration?
- Compared with oral scopolamine in the rat experiment, which transdermal concentration produced greater and more sustained salivary suppression?
- In the rat scopolamine study, which finding was reported for fecal output and tear secretion?
- Which statement about plasma scopolamine exposure is supported by the rat transdermal-delivery study?
- A clinician asks whether the rat transdermal scopolamine findings establish an effective human treatment for sialorrhea. What is the best evidence-based response?