Endocrine General Surgery: Thyroid and parathyroid
General Surgery · Topic 22
Source: NMC CBME Curriculum 2024 · Volume III · General Surgery · Topic 22 · combined PDF page 408
Practice questions
- In a high-volume surgical cohort, which relationship between the left recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and inferior thyroid artery was most commonly observed?
- A surgeon is preparing for right-sided thyroid dissection. Which statement best reflects the reported right RLN relationship to the inferior thyroid artery?
- In the 500-patient topographic study, what proportion of documented RLNs showed bifurcation?
- Which side had the higher reported rate of RLN bifurcation in the topographic cohort?
- Which parathyroid position was most consistently observed for the superior glands in the reported operative series?
- Which distribution best describes inferior parathyroid gland positions in the reported cohort?
- A standardized dissection approach emphasizing neurovascular landmarks was used in a cohort of thyroid and parathyroid operations. What was the reported RLN identification rate?
- Which statement best characterizes the role of intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM) described in the supplied literature?
- In the Spanish surgeon survey, what proportion reported following INMSG guidelines either always or sometimes?
- Which IONM practice gap was specifically identified in the Spanish surgeon survey?
- A survey found that some surgeons lacked understanding of loss-of-signal thresholds. Why was this considered a concern by the authors?
- What proportion of respondents in the Spanish survey reported providing IONM-specific informed consent?
- Among the analyzed first-time renal parathyroid surgery patients, what was the overall incidence of temporary hypocalcaemia?
- In the UK registry analysis of first-time renal parathyroid surgery, which operative group had a reported temporary hypocalcaemia rate of 59.2%?
- In the registry's multivariable analysis, less-than-subtotal parathyroidectomy was associated with which direction of association for temporary hypocalcaemia?
- In patients with tertiary hyperparathyroidism, which operative category was associated with higher odds of persistent disease in the registry analysis?
- What proportion of patients with tertiary hyperparathyroidism in the registry analysis had persistent disease after first-time surgery?
- In the registry's classification of operative extent, how was excision of 3.5 parathyroid glands categorized?
- Which statement best summarizes the trade-off associated with less-than-subtotal parathyroidectomy in the registry analysis?
- In the pediatric specialist-program series, which complication was most commonly recorded after thyroid or parathyroid surgery?
- In the pediatric series, how many children were reported to require calcium supplements for more than 12 months?
- Among the 20 children with thyroid cancer in the reported series, how many required radical neck dissection for locally advanced disease?
- How did the reported hospital stay for children undergoing radical neck dissection for locally advanced thyroid cancer compare with the average stay after the other pediatric thyroid or parathyroid operations described?
- Among pediatric patients who responded to the long-term postal survey, how many had normal Voice Handicap Index-10 scores?
- Which statement accurately describes swallowing outcomes among respondents to the pediatric postal survey?
- Which interpretation of the pediatric postal survey's long-term outcomes is most appropriate?