Demographic and Vital Statistics
Obstetrics & Gynaecology · Topic 1
Source: NMC CBME Curriculum 2024 · Volume III · Obstetrics & Gynaecology · Topic 1 · combined PDF page 427
Practice questions
- A surveillance site records 14 maternal deaths in a period with 5,000 live births. What is the maternal mortality ratio per 100,000 live births?
- A report gives an all-cause mortality rate of 3.5 deaths per 1,000 person-years among women aged 15–49. Which denominator is represented by this measure?
- In the Magu surveillance data, all-cause mortality among women aged 15–49 declined substantially, but MMR was approximately 281 per 100,000 live births in 2015–2022 and had stagnated since about 2010. What is the soundest interpretation?
- In the Magu analysis, which factor accounted for most of the reduction in all-cause mortality among women aged 15–49?
- The Magu study reports that maternal mortality declined over the long term, while its share of all deaths among women remained unchanged compared with 25 years earlier. Which explanation best reconciles these findings?
- Between the periods 2009–2015 and 2016–2022 in the Magu study, what happened to the proportion of deaths occurring in health facilities?
- In the Magu analysis, the proportion of women who sought care during terminal illness or maternity was reported as 85% in 2009–2015 and 93% in 2016–2022. What does this result describe?
- The Magu study used verbal autopsy data and InSilicoVA to assign likely causes of death. Which description of this approach is supported by the study?
- Which limitation should be kept in mind when applying the Magu study's mortality estimates to all of Tanzania?
- According to the supplied review of Indian mortality information, which two systems collectively serve as primary sources of mortality data in India?
- The supplied review reports that NFHS-5-based death-registration coverage ranged from universal in some Indian regions to less than 40% in others. What is the most important implication for interpreting regional mortality counts?
- Which urban–rural finding was reported in the supplied India-focused review of death-registration coverage?
- Which set contains all six pillars proposed in the supplied viewpoint for strengthening India's CRVS system?
- Why does incomplete death registration matter for public health, according to the supplied CRVS viewpoint?
- Which identifiers were among those used for deterministic linkage in the São Paulo hospital-based cancer registry study?
- In the São Paulo registry study, what was the role of automated and manual validation after deterministic record matching?
- In the São Paulo study, 129,362 records were matched from 688,916 records selected for linkage. Approximately what percentage of the selected records were matched?
- After mortality-record linkage in the São Paulo study, how did loss to follow-up change?
- After linkage in the São Paulo registry, the observed 3-year survival estimate for breast cancer changed from 77% to 64%. Which interpretation is most appropriate?
- In the comparison of US Medicaid administrative data with birth-certificate data, which source contained higher delivery counts?
- Which pair of state-level delivery outcomes was generally comparable between Medicaid administrative data and birth-certificate data in the supplied study?
- A researcher finds that Medicaid data show substantially lower first-trimester prenatal-care initiation than birth-certificate data. Which conclusion is best supported by the supplied comparison study?
- Which field showed large differences between Medicaid administrative data and birth-certificate data in the supplied comparison?
- A team observes that two data sources agree on state-level caesarean-delivery measures. What is the best next step before using one source for race–ethnicity estimates?
- Which statement best distinguishes deterministic record linkage from the use of a probabilistic cause-of-death model in the supplied studies?
- A report states that 3.5 deaths occurred per 1,000 person-years and 281 maternal deaths occurred per 100,000 live births in the same surveillance setting. Which comparison is methodologically sound?
- A surveillance team reports a maternal mortality ratio but omits its reference population and time period. Which additional reporting detail is most essential for interpreting and comparing the result?
- After civil-mortality linkage, a registry's number of recorded deaths increases and loss to follow-up decreases. Which conclusion is best supported?
- Which statement about the supplied studies' findings on data quality is most accurate?
- Which conclusion about the Magu study's maternal mortality trend is supported by the reported findings?
- A public-health analyst observes that infectious diseases accounted for 54% and noncommunicable diseases for 29% of causes of death among women aged 15–49 in the Magu analysis. Which interpretation is justified?