Labour
Obstetrics & Gynaecology · Topic 13
Source: NMC CBME Curriculum 2024 · Volume III · Obstetrics & Gynaecology · Topic 13 · combined PDF page 432
Practice questions
- A previously well-functioning labour epidural becomes inadequate. According to the ESAIC guideline abstract, what proportion of labour epidurals may fail?
- In the ESAIC focused guideline on a previously well-functioning labour epidural that is failing, which clinical question was the exception to the guideline authors' inability to extract significant data from the selected full texts?
- The ESAIC task force developed recommendations for failing labour epidurals despite limited extractable evidence for most PICOs. Which best describes how its recommendations and clinical practice statements were developed?
- A woman in labour declines neuraxial analgesia. Which statement about remifentanil PCA is supported by the Obstetric Anaesthetists' Association guidance?
- A labour ward introduces remifentanil PCA. Which implementation measure is specifically emphasised in the 2026 guidance?
- Which statement about informing women of labour analgesia options is reported in the remifentanil PCA guidance abstract?
- When interpreting the remifentanil PCA guidance, which population is identified as an area where evidence remains particularly limited?
- An integrative systematic review of health professionals' experiences of induction of labour found that practice variation was shaped by which combination of factors?
- How did health professionals generally perceive outpatient induction of labour in the integrative systematic review?
- A woman is discussing whether and when to undergo induction of labour. Which approach is most consistent with the systematic review of professional experiences?
- A model is being developed to estimate the duration of labour induction. Which set of predictors is consistent with the systematic review of induction-duration models?
- A clinician considers adopting a published model to predict induction duration. The systematic review judged all included models to be at high or unclear risk of bias. Which domain was the main source of concern?
- A systematic review reports an externally validated induction-duration model with an AUROC of 0.81, but calibration was assessed in only two studies and all models had high or unclear risk of bias. What is the most appropriate interpretation?
- In the Cochrane review of stopping versus continuing intravenous oxytocin during active labour, what cervical dilation defined the beginning of the active phase for eligibility?
- In term singleton pregnancies undergoing induction or augmentation, discontinuing intravenous oxytocin at the onset of active labour was compared with continuing it. What was the pooled finding for caesarean birth?
- What did the Cochrane review conclude about instrumental vaginal birth after discontinuing oxytocin in the active phase compared with continuing it?
- Which effect of stopping intravenous oxytocin in the active phase was observed for uterine hyperstimulation in the Cochrane review?
- What did the review report about the duration of active labour after oxytocin was discontinued at the onset of the active phase?
- A unit adopts a policy of discontinuing oxytocin once active labour begins. According to the Cochrane review, what monitoring condition is important when interpreting the apparent safety of this strategy?
- Among women receiving low-dose epidural analgesia, what was the finding for bed activity in the systematic review of labour activity?
- In women receiving low-dose epidural analgesia, which result was reported for combined upright and bed activities compared with no intervention?
- In the meta-analysis of activity during low-dose epidural analgesia, what was the finding for upright activity alone and assisted vaginal birth?
- A team wants to apply evidence on upright and bed activities during low-dose epidural analgesia to its own labour ward. Which limitation should temper confidence in a uniform protocol?
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of labour pain management practices among obstetric caregivers in Ethiopia estimated what proportion used labour pain management methods?
- In the Ethiopian meta-analysis, which facility-level factor had the largest reported adjusted odds ratio for caregivers' use of labour pain management methods?