Lactation
Obstetrics & Gynaecology · Topic 17
Source: NMC CBME Curriculum 2024 · Volume III · Obstetrics & Gynaecology · Topic 17 · combined PDF page 434
Practice questions
- A lactating patient reports a new persistent focal breast lump. Which is the most appropriate general approach?
- A lactating patient needs breast imaging, but the appropriate modality is not yet specified. Which principle should guide modality selection?
- A lactating patient has an abnormal breast imaging finding. Which statement best accounts for the effect of lactation on assessment?
- A lactating patient is scheduled for contrast-enhanced breast MRI using gadolinium. What breastfeeding advice is supported by the supplied guideline?
- A lactating patient is advised to undergo a nuclear medicine procedure. Which counseling statement is most accurate?
- A lactating patient with a concerning imaging finding is advised to have an image-guided core biopsy. Which response best reflects current guidance?
- An image-guided aspiration is being considered for a breast finding in a lactating patient. Which statement is best supported?
- A lactating patient is due for breast screening based on her age and risk profile. What is the most appropriate general recommendation?
- A clinician assumes that a patient cannot be a lactating parent because the patient is not a woman. Which response best reflects findings from a systematic qualitative synthesis?
- Which approach best addresses the review's findings when providing lactation support to a sexual or gender minority parent?
- A trainee is interpreting a meta-ethnographic review of lactation experiences among sexual and gender minority parents. What type of conclusion is most appropriate from this evidence?
- Which issue was identified as an important subordinate theme in the qualitative synthesis of sexual and gender minority parents' lactation experiences?
- Which combination best represents the defining attributes of intergenerational legacies in lactation decision-making described in a concept analysis?
- A patient says that her family's prior feeding experiences strongly influence her confidence about breastfeeding. Which consequence of intergenerational legacies does this illustrate?
- A clinician is exploring why a patient's family has differing views about lactation. Which interpretation best fits the concept analysis?
- When discussing intergenerational lactation experiences in African American communities, which historical context is specifically identified in the concept analysis?
- A forensic team finds evidence of infant cocaine exposure in a case involving maternal use during pregnancy and lactation. Which conclusion is most defensible from the reviewed evidence?
- Which evidence limitation most directly complicates attribution of an infant death to cocaine exposure during lactation?
- A case review reports a wide range of cocaine concentrations in infant deaths. How should this variability affect interpretation?
- A lactating patient has mild-to-moderate pregnancy-related carpal tunnel symptoms. Which conservative intervention is supported as first-line in the systematic review?
- A lactating patient has severe, refractory pregnancy-related carpal tunnel symptoms despite conservative care. Which option is described as a potential next step, with appropriate caution about the evidence?
- A trainee reviews a systematic review of conservative treatments for pregnancy-related carpal tunnel syndrome. Which statement best reflects the certainty of evidence?
- A patient asks whether counseling about elective cosmetic procedures should be identical during pregnancy and lactation. Which response best reflects the review?
- A lactating patient is considering an elective cosmetic intervention. Which counseling approach is most consistent with the review?
- A lactating patient has mild hidradenitis suppurativa with an acute flare. Which group of options is identified in a clinical review as preferred for mild disease or flares?
- A clinician is reviewing systemic medication options for hidradenitis suppurativa in a lactating patient. Which set of drug classes does the review identify as requiring avoidance or discontinuation because of fetal or neonatal safety concerns?