PCOS and hirsutism
Obstetrics & Gynaecology · Topic 30
Source: NMC CBME Curriculum 2024 · Volume III · Obstetrics & Gynaecology · Topic 30 · combined PDF page 438
Practice questions
- Which description best matches the clinical definition of hirsutism used in the supplied contemporary literature?
- A woman has clinically significant terminal hair growth over the face and abdomen. Which inference is most appropriate from the supplied evidence?
- Which statement best describes the relationship between hirsutism and PCOS in the supplied evidence?
- The cross-ancestry GWAS summarized in the supplied literature included which approximate numbers of hirsutism cases and controls?
- How many loci associated with hirsutism did the supplied cross-ancestry GWAS report, and how many were described as previously unreported in GWAS?
- A genetic association is found near FGF5, a gene described as regulating the hair-follicle cycle. Which interpretation is best supported?
- In the Finnish FinnGen analysis, the low-frequency missense variant near FGF5 had an effect-allele frequency of approximately:
- The reported odds ratio for the low-frequency FGF5-region variant was 5.02. Which interpretation is most appropriate?
- The genetic correlation analyses in the hirsutism GWAS reported shared genetic architecture with which combination?
- A patient has marked hirsutism despite no striking systemic androgen abnormality being established. Which concept from the supplied review most directly helps explain variation in visible hair growth?
- Which conclusion best reflects the contemporary review's framing of hirsutism management?
- According to the supplied systematic review of adolescent PCOS, which treatment is described as first-line pharmacologic treatment?
- How many studies and adolescent participants were included in the systematic review of nonhormonal pharmacotherapies for adolescent PCOS?
- In the adolescent systematic review, how many studies assessed metformin monotherapy?
- A reviewed adolescent with PCOS receives metformin. Which approximate BMI change is consistent with the systematic review's summary?
- Which effect on HOMA-IR was reported for metformin monotherapy in the adolescent review?
- The systematic review reported restoration of menses in up to what proportion of adolescents receiving metformin?
- Which three drugs make up SPIOMET as defined in the supplied review?
- What change in Ferriman–Gallwey scores did the systematic review report with SPIOMET?
- Which statement correctly distinguishes the reported SPIOMET findings from the metformin BMI finding?
- For how long after treatment were benefits of SPIOMET reported to persist in the adolescent review?
- Which statement best describes the evidence for GLP-1 receptor agonist monotherapy in adolescents with PCOS in the supplied systematic review?
- Why should favorable adolescent PCOS findings for SPIOMET or flutamide plus metformin be interpreted cautiously?
- Which group of concerns is described as contributing psychosocially to depression in PCOS?
- Which biological contributor was included in the supplied review's discussion of the PCOS–depression relationship?
- A clinician assumes that treating visible hirsutism will necessarily resolve depression in a patient with PCOS. Which response best fits the supplied review?
- What approach to mental health does the supplied PCOS–depression review recommend?
- In the depression studies summarized by the PCOS review, how was depression assessed?
- Which statement best captures the central limitation of current explanations for depression in PCOS, according to the supplied review?
- Which statement about prevalence is supported by the supplied hirsutism GWAS abstract?
- The supplied review notes that local androgen metabolism and follicular sensitivity remain areas of uncertainty. Which research direction follows most directly from that observation?