Physiology of conception
Obstetrics & Gynaecology · Topic 3
Source: NMC CBME Curriculum 2024 · Volume III · Obstetrics & Gynaecology · Topic 3 · combined PDF page 427
Practice questions
- According to the systematic review of GLP-1 receptor agonists, which clinical pattern was reported in overweight or obese women with PCOS?
- A review reports increased SHBG and decreased free testosterone during GLP-1 receptor agonist use in overweight or obese women with PCOS. Which interpretation most accurately reflects those reported findings?
- Which statement correctly distinguishes the conception-related clinical findings reported for two GLP-1 receptor agonist regimens in the review?
- In the mechanistic findings summarized for GLP-1 receptor activation, FOXO1 phosphorylation was associated with which granulosa-cell effects?
- A mechanistic study summarized in the GLP-1RA review found reduced expression of StAR, P450scc, and 3β-HSD. Which functional finding was reported alongside this change?
- Which signaling pathway was reported to be enhanced by incretin signaling in the ovarian mechanistic evidence summarized in the review?
- Animal studies summarized in the GLP-1RA review included enhanced follicular growth and anti-apoptotic effects, but also oxidative stress, granulosa-cell death, and uterine inflammation. What is the most defensible interpretation?
- A clinician is asked whether the reviewed GLP-1RA findings establish reproductive safety and optimal use in non-PCOS patients undergoing IVF. Which response best fits the evidence summarized?
- The GLP-1RA review discusses systemic metabolic changes and possible direct ovarian effects. Which conclusion is best supported?
- A systematic review of restorative reproductive medicine identified reports in which all participants received the intervention, with no comparison group. What can those reports establish about comparative effectiveness?
- A couple asks whether the available systematic-review evidence proves that restorative reproductive medicine is ineffective. The review found no eligible comparative studies. Which reply is most accurate?
- Why can a report of pregnancies among patients receiving an RRM program not, by itself, show that the program caused those pregnancies?
- Which study design did the RRM systematic review identify as a needed next step to inform evidence-based fertility guidance?
- In the RRM review, why were claims of benefit in several included reports not considered reliable evidence of effectiveness?
- A patient asks whether RRM has been shown to be safer than ART. Based on the systematic review described, which answer is most accurate?
- A study reports improved menstrual regularity after a GLP-1RA in women with PCOS. Which additional conclusion is not justified by that result alone?