Breast
Pathology · Topic 30
Source: NMC CBME Curriculum 2024 · Volume I · Pathology · Topic 30 · combined PDF page 200
Practice questions
- Which assay pattern meets the supplied meta-analysis definition of HER2-low early breast cancer?
- Compared with HER2-zero early breast cancer, what pooled difference in pathologic complete response was reported for HER2-low disease after neoadjuvant therapy?
- A pooled analysis reports a multivariable disease-free survival hazard ratio of 0.75 for HER2-low versus HER2-zero early breast cancer. Which interpretation matches the supplied meta-analysis?
- In the supplied meta-analysis, which statement best describes the reported overall-survival findings for HER2-low versus HER2-zero early breast cancer?
- A clinician labels HER2-low disease a definitively established, stable molecular subtype on the basis of the supplied meta-analysis. Which response is most evidence-aligned?
- An older adult with early HER2-positive breast cancer is being considered for perioperative systemic therapy. Which approach is described as the standard in the supplied Japanese guideline digest?
- An older patient with HER2-positive early breast cancer is judged unable to tolerate chemotherapy. Which statement is supported by the supplied guideline digest?
- Which statement best characterizes evidence for perioperative immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in older adults with early breast cancer according to the supplied guideline digest?
- A fit older adult has high-risk early breast cancer. Which statement about additional therapies is most consistent with the supplied guideline digest?
- Which factor set best reflects the supplied guideline digest’s approach to perioperative systemic treatment decisions in older adults with early breast cancer?
- A breastfeeding patient has a new breast symptom that warrants diagnostic assessment. What is the most appropriate general principle from the supplied ACR guidance?
- Which statement best reflects modality selection for breast imaging during lactation in the supplied ACR guidance?
- A lactating patient needs a contrast-enhanced MRI. What does the supplied ACR guidance state about breastfeeding after gadolinium contrast?
- A lactating patient requires image-guided core biopsy of a suspicious breast lesion. Which counseling statement is best supported by the supplied ACR guidance?
- A clinician is concerned that physiologic changes during lactation may complicate breast assessment. Which conclusion is most consistent with the supplied ACR guidance?
- An asymptomatic, average-risk 45-year-old asks about breast cancer screening. According to the supplied ACP guidance, what is the best next step?
- For an asymptomatic, average-risk 62-year-old, what mammography interval is recommended by the supplied ACP guidance?
- An asymptomatic, average-risk 78-year-old asks whether to continue screening mammography. Which approach is recommended in the supplied ACP guidance?
- An asymptomatic, average-risk woman has BI-RADS category C breast density. Which supplemental imaging approach does the supplied ACP guidance say may be considered?
- For asymptomatic, average-risk adults with BI-RADS C or D breast density, which supplemental imaging recommendation is stated in the supplied ACP guidance?
- A patient with initially node-positive breast cancer completes neoadjuvant chemotherapy and is now clinically node-negative. Which axillary staging approach is preferred in the supplied AGO 2026 update?
- In an initially node-positive patient who becomes clinically node-negative after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, which statement best describes the AGO update’s position on axillary management?
- After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, macrometastatic disease is found in a target lymph node. Which axillary procedure is indicated according to the supplied AGO update?
- Which pair of objectives does the supplied DEGRO guideline identify for regional nodal irradiation in breast cancer?
- When considering regional nodal irradiation recommendations, which distinction does the supplied DEGRO update explicitly address?
- A patient with recurrent or metastatic breast cancer is being evaluated for treatment selection. Which tumor and clinical factors are specifically identified in the supplied NCCN guideline selection as relevant to stratification?
- Which approach is emphasized throughout treatment of recurrent or stage IV breast cancer in the supplied NCCN guideline selection?
- The DEGRO update discusses regional nodal irradiation in patients with pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. What conclusion can be drawn from the supplied guideline summary alone?
- A patient with metastatic breast cancer has a prolonged response to therapy. Which care element is specifically emphasized in the supplied expert guidance on long responders?