Eye
Pathology · Topic 35
Source: NMC CBME Curriculum 2024 · Volume I · Pathology · Topic 35 · combined PDF page 203
Practice questions
- A meta-analysis of observational studies reports an odds ratio of 1.09 for dry eye disease among statin users and rates the evidence very low certainty. Which interpretation is most appropriate?
- In the statin–dry eye meta-analysis, which absolute risk difference was reported?
- Which study design best describes the evidence pooled in the review of statin use and dry eye disease?
- Based on the statin–dry eye review, what is the most evidence-consistent clinical response for a patient taking a statin who has pre-existing dry-eye risk factors?
- In the meta-analysis of intense pulsed light for post-LASIK dry eye, which outcome showed a statistically significant improvement?
- A clinician reviews evidence for intense pulsed light in post-LASIK dry eye. Which statement best reflects the review’s conclusion about objective clinical outcomes?
- Which feature most limits confidence in the reported benefit of intense pulsed light for post-LASIK dry eye?
- A systematic review of traditional eye medicine reported associations with delayed presentation and worse outcomes. What is the strongest valid interpretation?
- Which outcome pattern was reported in studies of traditional eye medicine use?
- Which intervention was reported to improve traditional healers’ knowledge and referrals in the reviewed literature?
- Which statement about thyroid status in thyroid eye disease is supported by the supplied review?
- A review of thyroid eye disease discusses immune mechanisms and notes differences between human and animal studies. Which broad immune feature does it emphasize?
- A patient with thyroid eye disease has a low Clinical Activity Score, but the clinician remains concerned about disease progression. Which evidence supports caution in interpreting the score across populations?
- A review of tear metabolomics in thyroid eye disease identified a metabolite ratio that correlated most strongly with inflammatory activity. Which is it?
- Why is tear metabolomics being explored in thyroid eye disease, according to the review?
- Which combination of metabolic changes is discussed in the thyroid eye disease tear-metabolomics review?
- A patient from an Asian cohort has thyroid eye disease with marked extraocular muscle involvement and apical crowding. How does this presentation align with the reviewed population-level patterns?
- Which presentation is reported more frequently in Western populations in the thyroid eye disease review?
- According to the population-variation review, in which cohort was thyroid receptor antibody positivity reported to be highest?
- A review of biologic treatments for thyroid eye disease compares mechanistic classes. Which class had accumulated the largest randomized trial evidence base through early 2026?
- Which statement best summarizes the review’s description of IL-6 receptor antagonism trials in thyroid eye disease?
- Which pair of biologic strategies failed to meet primary endpoints in Phase 2 or Phase 3 studies summarized by the review?
- Which potential advantage of ophthalmic microneedles is described in the review?
- Which set of limitations of current ocular drug delivery methods motivates interest in microneedles in the supplied review?
- A patient asks whether microneedles are already a proven superior treatment for ocular disease. Which response best fits the review?