Male Genital Tract
Pathology · Topic 28
Source: NMC CBME Curriculum 2024 · Volume I · Pathology · Topic 28 · combined PDF page 199
Practice questions
- An infertility review estimates that male genital tract infection may be responsible for what proportion of male infertility cases?
- Which pair of mechanisms best describes how genital tract infections may impair male fertility?
- A semen analysis in an infertile man shows leukocytospermia, but he reports no clear genitourinary symptoms. According to an updated review, which next step is most appropriate?
- Which statement best reflects the evidence on routine semen culture in men being evaluated for infertility without overt infection symptoms?
- An asymptomatic man undergoing infertility evaluation has no microbiological evidence of infection. Which approach to antibiotics is most consistent with the reviewed evidence?
- Trials of antibiotics or anti-inflammatory treatment for male genital tract infection have reported improvements in some semen findings. What important outcome limitation remains?
- Which statement most accurately summarizes the role of semen culture and PCR testing in suspected male genital tract infection associated with infertility?
- A man has a viral infection associated with genital tract involvement. Which pattern of reproductive effects is described in a review of viral infections and male fertility?
- After a systemic viral illness, blood testing no longer detects the virus, but concern remains about possible transmission through semen. Which principle is supported by reviews of male genital tract viral infection?
- Which public-health implication was highlighted by the experience with Zika and Ebola viruses in relation to the male genital tract?
- In viral-mediated inflammation affecting the testes, which mechanism is described as contributing to impairment of both germinal and endocrine cell function?
- Which statement about HPV and SARS-CoV-2 in the context of male fertility is supported by the updated review?
- A research team uses semen sequencing to infer the microbiota of every male genital tract compartment. Which limitation should most temper this inference?
- In an infertility evaluation, which relationship between testicular volume and reproductive parameters is supported by the systematic review of male genital tract ultrasound?
- Which comparison between ultrasound and the Prader orchidometer for testicular volume assessment is most accurate?
- In which situation may ultrasound-derived testicular volume have particular value beyond routine orchidometer assessment?
- Color Doppler ultrasound in a patient with acute scrotal symptoms shows decreased testicular vascularization. Which diagnosis is most consistent with this finding in the reviewed literature?
- A patient with suspected epididymo-orchitis undergoes color Doppler ultrasound. Which finding is often observed in this condition?
- A hyperemic testicular lesion is seen on Doppler ultrasound. Which interpretation best avoids overcalling this finding?
- A man has a suspected varicocele, but palpation is unreliable. Which approach best reflects the reviewed role of imaging and clinical examination?
- After varicocele surgery, a patient is being assessed for possible persistence or recurrence. Which imaging use is supported by the review?
- Ultrasound in an infertile man shows dilation of the epididymal head and tail with abnormal echotexture. Which interpretation is most appropriate?
- A man with suspected obstructive azoospermia undergoes transrectal ultrasound. Which group of findings can this examination help identify?
- A patient is found to have congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens. Which associated abnormalities may be sought using scrotal or transrectal ultrasound?
- Transrectal ultrasound shows a large prostatic median cyst in a man with findings suggestive of distal obstruction. Which management implication is specifically described in the imaging review?
- In an infertility work-up, transrectal ultrasound shows reduced prostate volume. Which interpretation is supported by the systematic review?