Urinary Tract
Pathology · Topic 27
Source: NMC CBME Curriculum 2024 · Volume I · Pathology · Topic 27 · combined PDF page 197
Practice questions
- A prostate specimen shows proliferation of both glandular and stromal components in the transition zone. Which term best describes this process?
- Which anatomic zone is specified in the definition of benign prostatic hyperplasia?
- A man reports urinary frequency and weak stream. Which statement best reflects the differential attribution of male lower urinary tract symptoms?
- A man with LUTS has modest objective findings but says the symptoms substantially disrupt his daily life. Which factor is identified as the main driver of treatment decisions in the AUA guideline summary?
- A patient presents for initial evaluation of LUTS possibly attributed to BPH. Which pair is specifically included in the guideline's description of the evaluation?
- A man with LUTS is considering whether to start treatment and later whether to escalate it. Which approach is emphasized by the AUA guideline?
- Which description best matches the guideline's broad category of nonprocedural management for LUTS/BPH?
- A patient and clinician are comparing nonprocedural treatment options for LUTS/BPH. Which set of considerations is specifically emphasized in the guideline?
- A patient is considering a procedural treatment for LUTS/BPH. Which principle best describes the guideline's approach to procedural selection?
- A man with LUTS/BPH is planning ophthalmologic surgery. What is the most appropriate general medication-management principle based on the AUA guideline summary?
- A man with LUTS/BPH is on active surveillance for prostate cancer. Which issue should be included in counseling about medical management, according to the guideline summary?
- A clinical team is updating its terminology for community-acquired urinary infections in adult men. Which statement is consistent with the 2026 French guideline update?
- A patient with complicated UTI is improving on effective fluoroquinolone therapy. In the absence of a stated exception, which duration does the IDSA guideline suggest rather than a longer course?
- A patient with complicated UTI is improving on an effective non-fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Which duration is suggested by the IDSA guideline?
- A patient with complicated UTI and Gram-negative bacteremia is clinically improving on effective treatment. How does the bacteremia affect the guideline's suggested short-course duration approach?
- A man has febrile UTI, and acute bacterial prostatitis is suspected. Which duration caveat is identified in the IDSA complicated UTI guideline summary?
- A clinician is considering a short course of an oral beta-lactam for complicated UTI. What dosing consideration is noted in the IDSA guideline summary?
- A urine culture identifies a causative organism in a patient with complicated UTI. Which description best defines effective antimicrobial therapy in the IDSA guideline summary?
- When selecting empiric therapy for suspected complicated UTI, which general approach does the IDSA guideline suggest?
- Under the IDSA empiric-selection framework for complicated UTI, what is the first step in its four-step process?
- After assessing severity in a patient with suspected complicated UTI, which additional factor is specifically included in the guideline's empiric antibiotic selection process?
- In empiric selection for complicated UTI, what is the purpose of considering patient-specific factors beyond resistance risk?
- A patient with complicated UTI has sepsis. Which local resource does the IDSA guideline suggest consulting, if available, to help choose empiric therapy?
- Urine culture results become available after empiric treatment for complicated UTI has begun. What does the IDSA guideline suggest for definitive therapy?
- A hospitalized patient with complicated UTI is clinically improving, can take oral medication, and has an effective oral option. What transition does the IDSA guideline suggest?
- A patient with complicated UTI and associated Gram-negative bacteremia is improving, can take oral medication, and has an effective oral option. Does bacteremia alone rule out IV-to-oral transition under the IDSA recommendation?
- Which consideration is cited as a benefit of transitioning eligible patients with complicated UTI from intravenous to oral antibiotics?