Obesity in children
Pediatrics · Topic 11
Source: NMC CBME Curriculum 2024 · Volume II · Pediatrics · Topic 11 · combined PDF page 333
Practice questions
- A clinician is planning care for a child living with obesity. Which approach best reflects the 2025 pediatric obesity guideline?
- A family asks whether a multicomponent program should be the foundation of their child's obesity care. Which response is most consistent with the current guideline?
- A child and caregiver are considering several possible treatment options. Which set of considerations is most consistent with the guideline's shared decision-making approach?
- A school-health team is designing a childhood obesity prevention and management program. Which design is best supported by the 2026 rapid review?
- Which conclusion about single-component interventions is most consistent with the 2026 rapid review of pediatric obesity prevention and management?
- In a meta-analysis of primary-care behavioral weight-management trials, what was the pooled mean difference in BMI z-score at 12 months in favor of intervention?
- A primary-care clinician is deciding whether to refer a child to a community-based behavioral weight-management program. Which finding from the 2026 meta-analysis is most relevant?
- A parent asks whether the modest pooled zBMI reduction from primary-care behavioral interventions proves that every child will respond similarly. Which answer best reflects the evidence?
- A clinician reviews randomized-trial evidence for physical-activity interventions in children with obesity up to age 9. Which conclusion is most defensible?
- In the Cochrane review of physical-activity interventions for children up to age 9 with obesity, which critical outcome was not assessed by any included study?
- A review reports a BMI z-score mean difference of −0.10 (95% CI −0.22 to 0.02) for physical activity versus control in children up to age 9 with obesity. Which interpretation is best?
- A Mediterranean-diet-based intervention study in children with overweight or obesity reports improvements in BMI, body fat, and waist circumference. Which statement about pooled body weight is supported by the 2026 meta-analysis?
- A Mediterranean-diet-based program is being adapted for adolescents with obesity. Which addition was associated with stronger effects than the dietary intervention alone in the meta-analysis?
- A clinician is interpreting a meta-analysis of Mediterranean-diet interventions in pediatric obesity. Which combination of findings is accurate?
- A family asks whether a Mediterranean-diet program guarantees weight loss for every child. Which response best fits the systematic review evidence?
- A systematic review pools randomized trials of medication versus placebo for pediatric obesity, with both groups also receiving baseline treatments such as lifestyle approaches. What was the pooled BMI difference reported?
- A family asks whether the available drug-trial evidence establishes a clear quality-of-life benefit in children and adolescents with obesity. What is the best answer?
- Which statement best characterizes the evidence for medication-related changes in BMI in the Cochrane review of pediatric obesity pharmacotherapy?
- A clinician is discussing pharmacotherapy with a family and wants to accurately describe adverse-event findings from randomized trials. Which statement is supported by the Cochrane review?
- Why are conclusions about medication effects specifically in younger children limited in the Cochrane pharmacotherapy review?
- A meta-analysis of randomized trials of GLP-1 receptor agonists in children and adolescents with obesity reported which pattern of outcomes versus placebo?
- An adolescent with obesity begins a GLP-1 receptor agonist in a clinical-trial context. Which adverse event was most frequent in the meta-analysis?
- A family asks whether the GLP-1 meta-analysis establishes routine use of these agents in children younger than 12 years. Which response best reflects the supplied evidence?
- A patient has severe obesity and remains severely obese after a behavior-based program. Which statement is consistent with the American Heart Association scientific statement?
- Which statement best summarizes the evidence and limitations concerning bariatric surgery in youth with severe obesity in the American Heart Association statement?
- The 2025 guideline describes pharmacologic and surgical interventions as options for managing pediatric obesity. What recommendation strength and evidence certainty did it assign to considering these options?
- A clinician explains that treatment response may not persist after a program ends for a young person with severe obesity. Which observation from the American Heart Association statement supports this concern?
- A public-health program is planned for children and adolescents, but the evidence base includes reviews with substantial methodological limitations. Which conclusion best reflects the 2026 rapid review?