General Physiology
Physiology · Topic 1
Source: NMC CBME Curriculum 2024 · Volume I · Physiology · Topic 1 · combined PDF page 150
Practice questions
- Which statement best distinguishes a transporter from a conductive ion channel, a water channel, or an ATP-hydrolyzing pump?
- In the alternating-access model, what event allows a transported substrate to cross the membrane permeability barrier?
- A membrane protein couples movement of one solute to movement of another solute in the opposite direction. Which transporter category most specifically fits this description?
- Which research approach became especially useful for identifying the functional roles of particular amino acid residues in transport proteins?
- What did structural studies of transport proteins enable researchers to propose?
- A researcher studying intestinal epithelial transport wants to explain net transfer across the tissue. Which strategy best reflects the approach described in the epithelial-transport review?
- Which description correctly identifies epithelial absorption and secretion in the cited framework?
- An epithelial transport model correctly describes each membrane separately but fails to predict overall transfer. Which missing consideration is most directly suggested by the epithelial-transport framework?
- Which topic is explicitly identified as a central theme in the historical review of membrane permeation?
- Why have toxins been useful tools in general physiology, according to the review?
- A study uses a toxin to perturb an electrophysiological process and infer the role of a specific target. Which property makes this strategy especially informative?
- In a complex biological model, parameter values are poorly known. What role can system-wide constraints derived from homeostasis play?
- A researcher proposes simulating a large biological network by modeling smaller components in sequence. Which modeling approach from the review most closely matches this plan?
- Which is identified as a limitation of mathematical models of complex biological systems?
- A systems-biology analysis of a biological event focuses on interactions among cell types and genes or proteins. Which general principle does this exemplify?
- In the modeling examples described in the systems-biology review, which pathway was analyzed in relation to the effects of NSAIDs?
- Which statement best describes the role of IGFBP-2 in the review of IGFBP-2/PTEN interactions?
- Which function is attributed to PTEN in the IGFBP-2/PTEN review?
- A review describes coordinated control of an IGF-related accelerator and an intracellular brake. Which pair is most consistent with that description?
- Which statement about IGFBP-2 is supported by the cited review?
- A review reports that IGFBP-2 levels are increased in a variety of tumours and associated with progression and poor prognosis. Which inference is most appropriately supported?
- Which historical sequence in transporter research is described in the review?
- Which set of measurements is specifically identified as part of the study of coupled exchangers and cotransporters?
- A model of sunitinib-related adverse effects is discussed as an example of which systems approach?
- Which statement best captures why a system-level perspective is useful when studying complex biological events?