Psychiatric Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence
Psychiatry · Topic 10
Source: NMC CBME Curriculum 2024 · Volume II · Psychiatry · Topic 10 · combined PDF page 353
Practice questions
- In a longitudinal study of Mexican-origin youth, which pattern was associated with greater overall psychiatric symptom burden during development?
- In the longitudinal youth study, which factor showed more robust prediction of school outcomes than psychiatric disorder levels in incremental-validity analyses?
- A growth-curve analysis finds that greater average symptom burden is associated with poorer grades, but faster increases in symptoms are associated with more positive school outcomes. What is the best interpretation?
- The school-outcome associations in the California Families Project were reported to be broadly similar across which comparisons?
- For school success, what do the findings support when considering psychiatric symptoms and temperament together?
- A transition clinic report for adolescents and young adults with suspected or established neurodevelopmental disorders described which sequence of care?
- Which statement about assessment in the reported neurodevelopmental transition clinic is accurate?
- In the reported transition-clinic sample, what was the median number of diagnoses before and after the interdisciplinary assessment?
- Which neurodevelopmental disorder was most frequent in the transition-clinic sample?
- The report stated that 80% of autism spectrum disorder diagnoses were identified during the transition-clinic process. Which conclusion is most appropriate?
- Which set of conditions was specifically noted among diagnoses frequently newly identified during transition-clinic assessments?
- In the Finnish co-sibling study, police-reported violent or sexual victimization was associated with which outcome pattern?
- What happened to the victimization–psychiatric disorder associations in sibling comparisons in the Finnish study?
- Which victimization–outcome association had the largest hazard ratio among the examples reported in the Finnish study abstract?
- Which feature of the Finnish study most directly reduced the influence of unmeasured factors shared within families?
- An ABCD analysis of youth aged 9–13 identified one pattern linking parental psychiatric status with child mental health and another linking socioeconomic and family factors with cognition. Which interpretation fits the report?
- In the ABCD analysis, what role did genetic risk play in the reported adversity–brain–behavior pathways?
- A separate imaging study compared adults exposed to abuse at different developmental periods. Which result was reported for abuse before age 13?
- In the imaging study, what was associated with abuse exposure during adolescence (ages 13–18)?
- In a Danish population-based cohort of males, a parental mental disorder diagnosed before the child was six was associated with what mean difference in cognitive ability at age 18?
- The Danish cohort found that the association between parental mental disorder and offspring cognitive score was not observed in some family-context groups. Which group was among those reported?
- In a 16-year multimethod study, which early temperament characteristic predicted ADHD at ages 12, 15, and 18?
- What did the longitudinal temperament study find regarding early behavioral inhibition and later anxiety diagnosis?
- The ABCD analysis reported that parental psychiatric conditions, particularly depression and ADHD, predicted what in children two years later?
- An early exuberant temperament is observed in a toddler. Based on the cited longitudinal study, which is the most defensible clinical interpretation?
- In the NESARC III analysis, which age-of-onset groups were used for bipolar disorder?
- Compared with adult-onset bipolar disorder, childhood-onset bipolar disorder was associated with which outcome in the NESARC III analysis?
- Which additional lifetime comorbidities were more frequent in the childhood-onset than adult-onset bipolar group in the cited analysis?
- What did the bipolar-disorder analysis report about health-related quality of life in the childhood-onset group compared with the adult-onset group?
- A clinician reads that childhood-onset bipolar disorder was associated with higher comorbidity and poorer quality of life in an adult retrospective analysis. Which conclusion is most appropriate?